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Venice on Film: Seven Italian Premieres That Made History

June 11, 2025

Venice on Film: Seven Italian Premieres That Made History

These Italian films debuted at the Venice Film Festival – and forever changed the story of cinema

La Serenissima doesn’t just float on dreamy canals – it also floats on cinema. Since 1932, the Venice International Film Festival has been rolling out its red carpet on the Lido, making it the world’s oldest (and arguably most glamorous) film festival. From scandalous premieres to masterpieces that reshaped the medium, Venice has long been the place where Italian cinema introduces itself to the world. Some films dazzled with spectacle, others whispered with intimacy, but each carried a distinctly Italian way of looking at life: Raw, poetic, and often a little unruly. Here are seven films that not only premiered in Venice but also changed the story of cinema itself.

1. La Terra Trema (1948, dir. Luchino Visconti)

The Story

In the fishing village of Aci Trezza in Sicily, the Valastro family takes out a loan to buy their own boat and free themselves from exploitation by local wholesalers. Their dream soon collapses under the weight of debt, tradition, and misfortune, leaving them even more vulnerable. Shot with non-professional actors speaking in Sicilian dialect, La Terra Trema (The Earth Trembles) is as much documentary as fiction.

Why it matters
Also debuting in Venice, Visconti’s follow-up to Ossessione pushed Neorealism to its limits. Its radical use of real villagers instead of trained actors shocked audiences but also lent the film its aching authenticity. It wasn’t just a story, but, rather, a portrait of poverty, resilience, and exploitation. Though it struggled commercially, La Terra Trema remains a towering achievement – a testament to cinema’s power as social critique. Visconti framed Sicily not as a backdrop but as a protagonist, and in doing so, he gave voice to people often left invisible. Its influence can be traced in everything from later Italian auteurs to global art cinema.

2. La grande guerra (The Great War, 1959, dir. Mario Monicelli)

The Story

Two reluctant soldiers, played by Alberto Sordi and Vittorio Gassman, are drafted into World War I and spend most of their time trying to dodge responsibility. Cowardly, cynical, and opportunistic, they’re hardly the heroes Italy was used to seeing onscreen – until an act of unexpected courage changes everything.

Why it matters
Debuting in Venice, Monicelli’s anti-heroic war comedy was a turning point in Italian cinema. It stripped away patriotic myth in favor of biting satire, portraying ordinary Italians not as martyrs but as flawed, funny, and painfully human. The humour was radical for its time: audiences laughed at war while confronting its futility. The film won the Golden Lion, sharing the prize with Rossellini’s Il generale Della Rovere, and went on to receive an Academy Award nomination. It proved that comedy could carry the same political and cultural weight as tragedy, cementing the reputation of “Commedia all’italiana” as Italy’s defining genre of the era.

3. Il Deserto Rosso (Red Desert, 1964, dir. Michelangelo Antonioni)

The Story

Giuliana, the wife of a factory manager in industrial Ravenna, drifts through a fog of alienation and anxiety. The polluted landscape – smokestacks, chemical waste, steel-grey skies – mirrors her mental state, as she searches for meaning in a world increasingly dominated by machines and men.

Why it matters
Antonioni’s first colour film premiered in Venice and instantly rewrote the visual grammar of cinema. Instead of treating colour as decorative, he used it psychologically: he had entire buildings repainted in muted tones to match Giuliana’s inner turmoil. This was cinema as modern art – abstract, symbolic, and unsettling. Monica Vitti’s performance as Giuliana became an emblem of postwar existential angst, while Antonioni’s approach influenced filmmakers from Wim Wenders to Sofia Coppola. In 1964, Il Deserto Rosso felt like a dispatch from the future, capturing the dislocation of modernity. Today, it feels eerily prophetic: Its vision of industrial alienation could be lifted from any climate change debate. Venice, as a city forever balancing beauty and fragility, was the perfect stage for its debut.

4. Vaghe stelle dell’Orsa (Sandra, 1965, dir. Luchino Visconti)

The Story

Sandra (Claudia Cardinale) returns to her family home in Volterra with her American husband, only to confront dark secrets about her father’s death in a concentration camp and her troublingly close bond with her brother.

Why it matters
Winning the Golden Lion in 1965, Sandra signaled Visconti’s shift from Neorealism to psychological melodrama. The film’s mix of family trauma, politics, and Greek-tragedy overtones mirrored Italy’s own uneasy grappling with wartime memory and repressed history. Cardinale’s performance was magnetic, and the film confirmed that Visconti could combine lush style with unflinching themes. For Venice, it was proof that Italian cinema could evolve – moving from the streets of Sicily in La Terra Trema to the intimate, shadowy interiors of Sandra – without losing its bite.

5. La leggenda del santo bevitore (The Legend of the Holy Drinker, 1988, dir. Ermanno Olmi)

The Story

Andreas, a homeless man in Paris, is given 200 francs by a stranger and asked to repay the debt to a church when he can. He tries — but chance, weakness, and fate continually intervene. His encounters with old acquaintances, lovers, and dreams blur the line between miracle and failure.

Why it matters
Olmi, already beloved for Il Posto and The Tree of Wooden Clogs, won the Golden Lion at Venice with this late-career masterpiece. Adapted from Joseph Roth’s novella, the film is understated, tender, and deeply humane. Its simplicity – a down-and-out man wrestling with grace – touched audiences at a time when Italian cinema was struggling against Hollywood dominance. The Venice victory reaffirmed the global relevance of Italian auteurs in the 1980s, showing that quiet, moral storytelling could still triumph. Rutger Hauer’s haunting performance remains one of his finest, and Olmi’s Venice win was a reminder that Italian cinema’s strength often lies in its humility.

6. Così ridevano (The Way We Laughed, 1998, dir. Gianni Amelio)

The Story

Two brothers from Sicily migrate to Turin in the 1950s. Giovanni, the elder, works menial jobs to support Pietro’s education, but Pietro struggles, and their relationship unravels under the weight of sacrifice, shame, and hope.

Why it matters
Winner of the Golden Lion in 1998, Amelio’s drama was a powerful meditation on migration and the human cost of Italy’s postwar economic boom. At a time when Italian cinema was often dismissed as past its golden age, Così ridevano proved the industry could still produce intimate, socially conscious films that resonated on an international stage. Its Venice triumph was controversial – some critics wanted a flashier winner – but it underscored the festival’s reputation for honoring seriousness over spectacle.

7. È stata la mano di Dio (The Hand of God, 2021, dir. Paolo Sorrentino)

The Story

 In 1980s Naples, teenager Fabietto finds his life changed by two events: Diego Maradona’s arrival to play for Napoli and a personal tragedy that shatters his family. Between grief and wonder, cinema becomes his salvation.

Why it matters
Sorrentino’s most personal film premiered at Venice and won the Silver Lion Grand Jury Prize. Unlike the baroque opulence of The Great Beauty, this was stripped-back, tender, and autobiographical. For Italian cinema, it signaled both continuity and renewal: a contemporary auteur looking inward while still speaking to universal audiences. With Netflix distributing it globally, its Venice launch carried Italian storytelling into millions of homes, proving the festival is still a bridge between tradition and the future.

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